Imam Ali ΄s Studies

Obstacles to Monotheistic Thought from the Perspective of Religious Teachings, with Emphasis on ʿAlawī Narrations

Document Type : .

Authors

mahsa behbodi 1
taherh sadat sayyednari 2

1 Graduate of Nahjul Balagha Department, University of Quran and Progeny

2 Graduate of Quran and Hadith Sciences from Kashan University

10.30465/alavi.2026.52489.2748
Abstract
Thinking and reasoning constitute the distinguishing feature and superiority of humankind over other beings. If grounded in intellect and innate nature (fiṭrah), they lead man to monotheistic knowledge (maʿrifah) and divine love. However, numerous harms and obstacles exist that divert human thought from the path of rationality and monotheism, and are regarded as impediments to human growth and felicity. The present study endeavors to examine the obstacles to monotheistic thought through a descriptive-analytical method from an Islamic perspective, with emphasis on the narrations of Amīr al-Muʾminīn ʿAlī (peace be upon him), and to present them to its audience. The findings indicate that the following set of factors prevent the formation and establishment of monotheistic thought in human existence: man's following of jinn and human devils and his entanglement in their snares and temptations; lack of piety (taqwā), sin, and failure to struggle against the carnal soul (hawā al-nafs); absence of a correct attitude toward the world and a sense of intense attachment and love for it; following innovations (bidʿah) and distortions (taḥrīf); man's entrapment in fantasies, conjectures, and false imaginings; man's negligence (ghaflah) and his turning away from the remembrance of the Truth; and man's preoccupation with lengthy aspirations.

Keywords

Obstacles to thought
monotheistic thought
ʿAlawī narrations
Nahj al-Balāghah

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