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Akram sadat Hoseini; Yahya Mirhosseini; Kamal Sahraei
Abstract
The phrase al-jafāt al-ṭaghām (the brutal riff-raffs) has been applied three times in Nahj al-Balagha concerning Levantines. Imam Ali has described the people as foul-tempered and among the riff-raffs the only reason behind the victory of whom is their unity. Strikingly, jafāt ṭaghām has been ...
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The phrase al-jafāt al-ṭaghām (the brutal riff-raffs) has been applied three times in Nahj al-Balagha concerning Levantines. Imam Ali has described the people as foul-tempered and among the riff-raffs the only reason behind the victory of whom is their unity. Strikingly, jafāt ṭaghām has been used with both definite and indefinite articles, and Imam Ali (PBUH) has expressed his amazement that Levantines have obeyed Mu’awiya without receiving ma’ūna. Regarding what Imam Ali has attributed to the people, exegetes have accounted for his amazement merely by the obedience without any rewards. Some of the exegetes have understood ma’ūna as reward and allowance, yet have expressed their surprise by saying that it is impossible that Mu’awiya had not given any rewards to his army. Some others’ analysis is that ma’ūna means bonuses apart from the monthly wages, for grooming quadruples and repairing arms. This study has re-identified the concept of jafāt ṭaghām through the analytic-descriptive method. The final conclusion is that any groups, whether high or low-ranking, that ignored the authority of and faithfulness and obedience towards Imam Ali’s government, entertained grabbing power, objected to his policies and/or disturbed the security of towns were described as ‘brutal riff-raffs’. Furthermore, some of the groups were identified by this study who did not receive any rewards from Mu’awiya, which precisely fits Imam Ali’s description. Through the identification of al-ṭaghām, it was realized that Imam Ali (PBUH) expressed amazement not merely at the brutal riff-raffs who obeyed Mu’awiya without receiving any rewards, but also at those companions who did not accept equal payments and did not like his methods.
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sekineh amoozadi; feizollah akbari dastak; Abdolmajid Talebtash
Abstract
Due to their divine origins, divine hadiths play a highly significant role in introducing principles of Islamic knowledge. The book al-Jawahir al-Saniyya fi-l-Ahadith al-Qudsiyya written by Shaykh al-Hur al-Amili is a Shia text that has collected many divine hadiths on the subjects of belief and morality ...
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Due to their divine origins, divine hadiths play a highly significant role in introducing principles of Islamic knowledge. The book al-Jawahir al-Saniyya fi-l-Ahadith al-Qudsiyya written by Shaykh al-Hur al-Amili is a Shia text that has collected many divine hadiths on the subjects of belief and morality as well as stories of wisdom. Although containing important hadiths on various subjects, the book is lacking in a proper table of content, which necessitates a subject-based classification and content analysis of the various chapters of the book. Using the analytic-descriptive method, this study has classified and analyzed divine hadiths that have described the virtues of Imam Ali (PBUH). The results show that out of 691 divine hadiths in the book al-Jawahir al-Saniyya on different subjects 158 concern imamate. Among these, 71 hadiths describe a variety of Imam Ali (PBUH)’s virtues in different aspects. From the examination of these aspects, a perfect harmony between virtues of Imam Ali (PBUH) and Koranic verses has been concluded. The harmony is clear from the text of some Koranic verses, but from some other verses it needs to be inferred, and the harmony has been demonstrated using different methods of interpretation.
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Fatemeh Janahmadi; Furuzan Ahmadi
Abstract
بازنمود سیره حضرت امیر (ع) در منابع تاریخی دارای وجوه ممتاز و ابعاد بی نظیری است که نمایانگر وسعت شخصیت با ثبات و پایدار وی، بهعنوان الگو و اسوه جوامع مسلمان است. در کنار ...
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بازنمود سیره حضرت امیر (ع) در منابع تاریخی دارای وجوه ممتاز و ابعاد بی نظیری است که نمایانگر وسعت شخصیت با ثبات و پایدار وی، بهعنوان الگو و اسوه جوامع مسلمان است. در کنار شخصیت بی بدیل نظامی بههنگام غزوه و جهاد با کفار و منافقین شجاع و دلیر, و در صحنه اجتماع و خانواده نرمخو، صلحجو و مهربان متکی بر عقل و درایت بود. گرچه منابع از منش نظامی امامعلی (ع) بسیار گفتهاند، اما آنچه امام را از همعصرانش بهعنوان یک حاکم و خلیفهی سرآمد، ممتاز میکند، برخورداری از کمال عقل در کارویژههای سیاسی و دیپلماسی است. چنانکه در سیره سیاسی و فرهنگی حضرت مجموعهای از مذاکرات و همرایزنی های سیاسی و فرهنگی وجود دارد که میتوان از خلال آنها به شخصیت عقلانی ایشان در اتخاذ راهبردهای حکومتی دست یافت.در طول تاریخ این الگو رفتارها به مثابه راهبردهای اجتماعی سرمشق شیعیان بوده است. بر این اساس خواست مقاله حاضر مطالعه ابعاد همرایزنی های امامعلی (ع) در خلال خلافت ایشان که علی رغم کوتاهی در زمان، عمقی به وسعت روزگاران داشتهاست. سؤال این مقاله این است که ابعاد مذاکرات امامعلی به عنوان الکو رفتارهای سیاسی در خلال خلافت ایشان چه بودهاست؟ گروههای هدف همرایزنی های سیاسی از منظر امامعلی کدامند؟ و نتایج راهبردهای فرهنگی در مناسبات سیاسی ایشان چیست؟ این پژوهش برپایه مطالعات تاریخی، توصیفی و تحلیلی متکی بر منابع تاریخی و با استناد به مکتوبات امامعلی تدوین و تنظیم شدهاست.
